Prevalence of taurodontism in individuals in Northwest China determined by cone-beam computed tomography images.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of taurodontism in a group of adult dental patients in Northwest China with the aid of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: This study used Shifman and Chanannel's criteria to statistically analyze the prevalence of taurodontism in the premolars and molars of the Chinese population. CBCT images of 5488 teeth from 580 subjects of Chinese origin were evaluated. The measured data were statistically analyzed and the chi-square test was also used to compare the prevalence of taurodontism between male and female subjects and between the upper and lower jaws (P < 0.05). Results: Taurodontism was detected in 169 patients, with a prevalence of 29.14%, of which 27.24% were males and 30.65% were females. The chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between males and females (P > 0.05). Taurodontism was found in 7.45% of all teeth examined. Taurodonts were significantly more common in the maxilla (9.06%) than in the mandible (5.15%) (P < 0.001), and the maxillary second molar (25.18%) was the most common tooth affected. According to morphology, hypotaurodonts were the most common (60.39%) among taurodontic teeth. Conclusions: Taurodontism was relatively common in the Chinese population and was almost equally distributed between males and females. The maxillary second molar was the most common tooth of all taurodonts measured, and taurodonts were significantly more common in the maxilla than in the mandible. Hypotaurodontism was the most common form of taurodontism. Our study provides a reference for dental deformities in the Chinese population and the diagnosis and treatment of taurodontism.

Displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica tipo 1 ligada al cromosoma X, síndrome de Christ-Siemens-Touraine: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Type 1 hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia X-linked, the Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome: a clinical case and review of the literature

La displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica tipo 1 ligada al X (DEH1-X) ­síndrome de Christ-Siemens-Touraine­ es una genodermatosis que forma parte de las displasias ectodérmicas, caracterizadas por alteraciones en el desarrollo de una o más estructuras derivadas de ectodermo. Clínicamente presenta hipotricosis, hipohidrosis e hipodontia de severidad variable. Propósito: Describir las características clínicas de la DEH1-X, su manejo odontológico y diferenciarla de otras entidades patológicas. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 18 años de edad, con antecedente familiar de displasia ectodérmica hipohidrótica diagnosticada también en un hermano menor. Acude a consulta por prótesis anterior fracturada y mal ajustada. Se trató mediante frenilectomía anterior y rehabilitación bucal protésica. Discusión: En el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las alteraciones congénitas de desarrollo es de particular importancia la identificación temprana y el trabajo en equipo multidisciplinario. El plan de tratamiento y manejo clínico de tejidos orales blandos y duros debe ser adaptado a las necesidades particulares del padecimiento, lo que permitirá establecer un mejor pronóstico. Conclusiones: La DEH1-X es una alteración congénita del desarrollo que afecta estructuras orales, por lo que debe ser identificada por el estomatólogo para atender correctamente las alteraciones dentales y evitar complicaciones posteriores (AU)

Type 1 hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia X-linked (DEH1-X) -Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome- is a genodermatosis. Ectodermal dysplasias are characterized by development alterations on one or more ectodermal derived structures. IN DEH1-X, patients present hypotrichosis, hypohidrosis and hypodontia of variable severity. Aims: To describe anatomic and clinical characteristics of the DEH1-X, dental treatment, and to differentiate from other clinical conditions. Case report: Male teenager, 18-year-old, was referred for replacement of anterior dental prosthesis. Family history for hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia was positive, younger brother with the same condition. Treatment consisted of anterior labial frenectomy and dental prosthetic rehabilitation with acceptable clinical and esthetic's results. Discussion: When diagnosing and treating patients with developmental genetic conditions is particularly important the early detection and the participation of interdisciplinary team work. The clinical treatment of hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity has to be planned and personalized according to the particular needing of each case, in order to achieve better results and long term prognosis. Conclusions: DEH1-X is a congenital developmental disorder, which affects oral structures, should be identified and treated appropriately by the dentist to prevent further dental complications (AU)

Treatment of an Adolescent Patient with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Using Indirect Composite Restorations - A Case Report and Literature Review.

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the field of application and prospects of individually modeled indirect composite restorations for the treatment of children and adolescents based on a case of dentinogenesis imperfecta. Dental malformations can affect single or multiple teeth. In most cases, direct composite fillings can be placed. However, in severe cases, these restorations may be more challenging and error-prone, especially when occlusal adjustments are necessary. Since composite materials do not require a specific lamination strength and are easy to repair, they can be applied using the indirect technique, enabling conservation of more sound hard tissue than is possible when conventional restorations are used. PATIENT AND METHODS: A young patient with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II underwent interdisciplinary full-mouth rehabilitation due to massive tooth wear and loss of vertical occlusion. First, a check bite was taken, and vertical occlusion was increased using overdentures. Six months later, a construction bite was taken over the existing overdentures (focusing on the sagittal dimension) to move the mandibular position more towards the anterior, correcting the skeletal Class II malocclusion. This resulted in a Class I intercuspidation with harmonization of the facial proportions. After a further six months, all teeth were restored using individually modeled indirect composite restorations, which preserved most of the sound hard tissue and restored esthetics and function. CONCLUSION: Indirect composite restorations can be a valuable tool for improving occlusion, esthetics and function in the treatment of children and adolescents.

Estudo radiográfico da prevalência de anomalias dentárias por meio de radiografias panorâmicas em diferentes faixas etárias / Radiographic study of prevalence of dental anomalies using panoramic radiographs in different age groups

Introdução: As anomalias dentárias resultam de desvios do processo normal de crescimento, desenvolvimento e diferenciação celular. Isso ocorre devido a fatores ambientais, genéticos ou como manifestações de distúrbios sistêmicos. A literatura é divergente quanto a sua prevalência, localização, gênero, entre outras características. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é determinar a prevalência das alterações de número, forma e tamanho, na população Assistida na Clínica de Radiologia Odontológica da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), em diferentes faixas etárias. Método: Este estudo retrospectivo foi conduzido nos anos de 2009 a 2011, por meio de observação de radiografias panorâmicas arquivadas no Setor de Radiologia da UEM, sendo selecionadas 804 radiografias de pacientes de 4 a 45 anos de idade e classificadas as anomalias de forma, tamanho e número quanto à idade, gênero e localização. Pacientes com síndromes foram excluídos da amostra. Resultados: Das 804 radiografias, 232 (28.85%) apresentavam anomalias, sendo que 56.84% ocorreram no gênero feminino e 43.16% no masculino. As anomalias mais frequentes foram: dilaceração radicular, hipodontia e microdontia quando comparadas às outras anomalias de forma, tamanho ou número. Conclusão: A análise dos resultados permite inferir que na amostra populacional a prevalência de anomalias dentárias é relativamente alta e apresenta traços peculiares e característicos.

Introduction: The dental anomalies result from deviations of the normal process of growth, development and cell differentiation. They occur due to environmental factors, genetic or as manifestations of systemic disorders. The literature shows different prevalence, location, gender predominance and other characteristics. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of Changes in number, form and size of the Assisted population in the Clinic of Dental Radiology, State University of Maringá (UEM) in different age groups. Methods: This prospective study was conducted from 2009 to 2011 through the observation of panoramic radiographs filed in the Department of Radiology, UEM, and were selected radiographs of 804 patients aged from 4 to 45 years old and the abnormalities were classified using form, size, number, pacient?s age, gender and location parameters. Patients with syndromes were excluded from the sample. Results: From the 804 radiographs analyzed, 232 (28.85%) had abnormalities and 56.84% occurred in females and 43.16% in males. The abnormalities more frequent were: root disruption, microdontia and tooth agenesis when compared to other abnormalities in form, size or number. Conclusion: The results infer that on the sample population the prevalence of tooth abnormalities is relatively high and presents peculiar and traits characteristics.